Because Reeves spent his early years in enslavement, even as an adult man, he couldnt read. Bass Reeves (July 1838 January 12, 1910) was an American law enforcement official, historically noted as the first black deputy U.S. marshal west of the Mississippi River. Reeves would take on any job, no matter how dangerous, so it didnt surprise anyone when he took on an arrest warrant for Tom Story. When the amendment passed, he moved to Arkansas and became a small-time farmer. Later in November 1890, Bass and his posse raided the home of the legendary Cherokee Ned Christie, who was wanted for murdering a deputy U.S. marshal. Director Isaiah Washington Writers Robert Johnson Isaiah Washington Stars Bass Reeves said the largest haul he made while working for the Fort Smith court was bringing in 19 horse thieves from the Fort Sill area. Williams son, Colonel George Reeves, was Basss legal owner. After his release, he apparently turned his life around and lived out the rest of his life without offense. Other than a few scrapes and bruises, Reeves made it through his career entirely unscathed. He got close to the two sons, told tall tales of thievery, and waited. For example, his grand-nephew, Paul L. Brady, a prominent civil rights activist, became the first black administrative law judge in 1972. Yellowstone, set in the present day, follows the Dutton family as they try to protect the largest ranch in the United States from hedge funds and governmental bodies looking to take their generational land away from them. Join the. Sebastian County Circuit Judge Jim Spears, now retired, is credited with leading an effort to prominently enshrine the folk hero in bronze. He hunted his son down and clapped him in irons. Making distraction rewarding since 2017. Bass Reeves (2010 Video), Ponderous Productions, The Truth Always Comes Out: Dark Family Secrets Exposed, Entrancing Facts About Madame de Pompadour, France's Most Powerful Mistress, Tragic Facts About Catherine of Aragon, Henry VIIIs First Wife, Comedic Facts About Red Skelton, The Kookiest Clown Around, Glamorous Facts About The Countess Of Castiglione, The First Model, Sensational Facts About Louella Parsons, The Queen Of Hollywood Gossip, Extravagant Facts About Mohammad Reza, The Doomed Shah. Here, he learned Indian languages, the lay of the land and complete mastery of pistols and rifles. The details of his sons doings were unpleasant. Colbert began his tenure as a deputy U.S. marshal with the Fort Smith federal court in 1872, three years before Bass Reeves commission. Join thousands of others and start your morning with our Fact Of The Day newsletter. At his trial in October 1887, Reeves was found innocent. The cook didnt survive and Reeves went on trial for murder. President Ulysses S. Grant appointed a U.S. congressman from Missouri named Isaac C. Parker to take over the Fort Smith federal court in March 1875. The U.S. Reeves unemployment did not last long because, at the start of the new year in 1908, he was hired as a Muskogee city policeman and given a beat downtown. The federal jail court was in Van Buren for the western district of Arkansas and Indian Territory. [12] Ryan Reaves's grandfather changed the family name from Reeves to Reaves. Bass dragged his son into the courtroom himself, and the judge convicted him. During a game of cards with his owner, Reeves won, which caused his owner to beat him. [1] Bass Reeves may have served Colonel George R. Reeves, the son of William Reeves, the owner of Bass Reeves when he was a slave. It must have made a lasting impression. Thanks for your time! Many U.S. Finally, it came time to bring him down. Kennedy pointed to racist sentiment on the part of incoming state officials, as well as the Congressional delegation and the incoming U.S. marshal when Oklahoma became a state in 1907 as reasons Reeves lost his job with the Marshals Service. [3] During the American Civil War, Bass parted company with George Reeves. [5], He was himself once charged with murdering a posse cook. For a slave to hit his master in Texas was punishable by death. Thought to have been born in the summer of 1838, by the year 1880, Bass and Jennie Reeves had eight children: Sally, Robert, Harriet, Georgia, Alice, Newland, Edgar and Lula. Bass started as a water boy until he was old enough to become a field hand like his parents. In May 1881, Reeves made his first trip to Detroit, Michigan, to the House of Corrections, along with five other deputies transporting 21 prisoners by train via St. Louis. Reeves disguised himself as a tramp, with old clothes and a cane. I dont think of any of these as spinoffs, but rather as complete stories that have common roots, Sheridan told Deadline about 1883. Reeves was 58 years old at the time. Reeves's . Historys most fascinating stories and darkest secrets, delivered to your inbox daily. Harmons 1898 book Hell on the Border. However, as early as 1901 writer D.C. Gideon detailed Reeves in his book Indian Territory., Among the numerous deputy marshals that have ridden for the Paris (Texas), Fort Smith (Arkansas) and Indian Territory courts none have met with more hairbreadth escapes or have affected more hazardous arrests than Bass Reeves, of Muskogee, Gideon writes. Marshals Museum in Fort Smith has an impressive collection of guns and documents related to famed Deputy U.S. [5], Reeves was married twice and had eleven children. 1 of 3 In a statue of Bass Reeves residing in the Lamar County Courthouse, sculptor Eddie Dixon arms the famed lawman with a double-barreled shotgun. Bass Reeves served as a valet for his master's son during THE CIVIL WAR. As noted by the U.S. Park Service in a history of Bass Reeves, Judge Parker believed that black men would make great officers of the law in the Indian Territory, due to shared mistrust that existed between Indians and blacks toward the white man. That entry also notes that racial tensions were particularly high at the time and caused whites to feel anger toward a black man who had the power to arrest them.. setTimeout(function(){var t=document.createElement("script");t.setAttribute("src","https://sample.dragonforms.com/getEmbeddedClientScript.do?embeddedsite=TW_dispatch_nl"),t.setAttribute("type","text/javascript"),document.body.appendChild(t)},5); Become a subscriber today and youll recieve a new issue every month plus unlimited access to our full archive of backlogged issues. When those old gunfighters are sittin around up there in Valhalla discussing who was the, The real law-and-order heros long and Winding road to cinematic and television fame. Legend has it that Reeves ended up getting into a serious confrontation with his master over a card game in 1861. The lawman was such a good shot that nobody wanted to face him in competition. He knew that every chase was potentially his last. Greenleaf terrorized the area for years, but to Reeves, he was just another bounty. Many claim this infamous lawman's exploits were the inspiration behind the Lone Ranger. The Lone Ranger was an escaped slave named Bass Reeves. Im not sure he was too worried about it, though. An article suggests that Bass Reeves may have been the inspiration for the "Lone Ranger" --. They arrested, without incident 15 white men and eight Black men and brought them to the federal jail in Muskogee. In real life, he carried a .44 caliber . Though he successfully caught the outlaws, Reeves did not escape from his infiltration unscathed. He died of Bright's disease (nephritis) on January 12, 1910. The deputy lawman found himself on the wrong side of the law in 1887. Despite being disturbed and deeply shaken by the incident, Reeves nonetheless insisted on the responsibility of bringing Bennie to justice. discoveries. Most people also know that the portrayal of Tonto as the Lone Rangers sidekick is often stereotypical and racist. "Bass Reeves Some have suggested a possible historical inspiration was Bass Reeves, the first Black deputy U.S. Marshal credited with being the inspiration for The Lone Ranger. Bass Reeves, the gunslinging lawman, left a serious legacy behind. The Legend of Bass Reeves by author Gary Paulsen is a Western written for young readers. [2] He served for two years before he became ill and had to retire. He worked mostly in Arkansas and the Oklahoma Territory. Bass Reeves made it impossible for anyone to overlook him as he embarked on a three-decade stint as a deputy lawman under one of the most cutthroat judges in the West. Fortunately, though, he had some connections. He served his time in Ft. Leavenworth in Kansas before being released and living the rest of his life as a responsible and model citizen. Reeves was headquartered at Calvin in the Choctaw Nation and carried many of his prisoners to the federal commissioner at Pauls Valley in the Chickasaw Nation. After refusing to surrender, Reeves killed Dozier in a gunfight on December 20, 1878.In 1882 Bass Reeves arrested outlaw [12] Belle Starr for horse theft, but some say that Belle Starr turned herself in when she heard that Bass Reeves was looking for her. When the men fell asleep, he burst into their room and threw them each in handcuffs. Western Books: An Officer of Honor and Grit, Ask the Marshall Bat Masterson: Armed and Dangerous, Lincoln: Prepare Ye the Way for the Horde. He was hired as a deputy because of his knowledge of the territory and ability to speak many of the tribal languages. But they didnt stay there for 30 years, Spears said of the trio with Parkers Court. He captured the two gang members in the Red River Valley, but it wasnt exactly simple: The boys mother chased him for three miles, cursing his name the whole time! So what about Bass Reeves? In 1875, everything changed for Reeves. WIKITREE PROTECTS MOST SENSITIVE INFORMATION BUT ONLY TO THE EXTENT STATED IN THE TERMS OF SERVICE AND PRIVACY POLICY. These are just a few of the incredible stories of a man who hunted down men nobody else could capture. Marshal Bass Reeves, possibly the greatest lawman of the Old West. All Photos Courtesy Art T. Burton Unless Otherwise Noted . Please add Bass to the American Heroes category. Information from: Southwest Times Record, http://www.swtimes.com/, Connect with the definitive source for global and local news. Bass took the warrant and bought his son in for murder shortly thereafter his son convicted and sent to Leavenworth. They also had another child together. Judge Parkers orders were to bring them in dead or alive. I think Bass Reeves claim to fame is his persistence, and he bounced back after the murder trial.. [1] When Bass Reeves was eight (about 1846), William Reeves moved to Grayson County, Texas, near Sherman in the Peters Colony. We may earn a commission from these links. Spears is now leading an effort to erect a bronze statue of Judge Parker downtown. Marshal, lives on. They were an unstoppable force and an immovable object, and there was only one way this was going to go down. When he arrived, various Indigenous peoples, including the Cherokee, Seminoles, and Creeks, took him in. In 1872 the Federal Court for the Western District of Arkansas (which included 74,000 miles of Indian territory) established quarters in the former barracks building of Fort Smith. As usual, Reeves confronted Story directly. He also learned tracking and other skills from the different Indian tribes. Reeves was quicker and dropped the outlaw. Marshal Reeves was disturbed and shaken by the incident but demanded to accept the responsibility of bringing his son to justice. Im sitting here going, Guys, everyone is dead. 1883: The Bass Reeves Story will be another peek inside that era. Marshals who worked for the Federal Court at Fort Smith, Arkansas. Here from 1875 until his death in 1896, the famous "Hanging Judge," Isaac C. Parker, presided over a court, keeping peace in the lawless territory. And The Three Guardsmen was a name given to a group who became legendary in their pursuit of many outlaws of the late 19th century: Deputy U.S. However, the ranger never drew his weapon first. In 1907, Reeves joined up with the Muskogee law enforcement office in Oklahoma, where he worked for two years. Please reach out to us to let us know what youre interested in reading. However, he didnt retire just yet. It should be no surprise, then, that Parker had a soft spot for Reeves. Bass Reeves, (born 1838, Crawford county, Arkansas, U.S.died January 12, 1910, Muskogee, Oklahoma, U.S.), American lawman who was one of the first deputy U.S. marshals of African descent in the American West. At the outbreak of the Civil War, George was made an officer in the 11th Texas Cavalry Regiment, second in command to Col. William G. Young. It didnt take a genius to get to the bottom of this one. [3], When the American Civil War began, George Reeves joined the Confederate Army, forcing Bass to go with him. The new deputy must have been an unmistakable figure in the Old West. After his capture by Reeves, residents came from as far as 20 miles to see that Greenleaf was in handcuffs before they took him to Fort Smith. [6] Reeves served in that district until 1893, when he transferred to the Eastern District of Texas in Paris, Texas. (http://www.ifyouonlynews.com/videos/the-lone-ranger-was-real-and-he ), Bass Reeves also knew a thing or two about laying down the law. [5][6][7][8], He was a great-uncle of Paul L. Brady, who became the first black man appointed as a federal administrative law judge in 1972. Bass Reeves was born a slave in Crawford County in July 1838. Neither man backed down. Marshal, directing him to hire 200 Deputy U.S. Despite taking down over 3,000 outlaws and getting into dozens of dust-ups, the rough and tumble lawman never fell victim to any serious injuries. [1][2] Reeves was named after his grandfather, Basse Washington. Though it wont include anyone from the cast of 1883, Bass Reeves will follow the first Black Deputy U.S. Marshall west of the Mississippi River in U.S. history. Reeves deputization made history. Bass severely beat George, and fled to the Indian Territory where he lived among the Cherokee, Creeks and Seminoles. Reeves didnt just take it, though. Dozier escaped from Bass Reeves for several years until he tracked Bob Dozier down in the Cherokee Hills. Bass married Nellie Reeves in 1864, at age 26 in Arkansas, United States. Native Territory comprised most of what became Eastern Oklahoma on November 16, 1907, when Oklahoma became a state. BLOODY RECORD OF, Reeves Noted Secret Service Manhunter Dead Muskogee Okla Jan 12, Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers, 1836-1922. http://www.ifyouonlynews.com/videos/the-lone-ranger-was-real-and-he First black deputy U.S. marshal west of the Mississippi River. Once, he walked 28 miles dressed as a beggar and fooled two men and their mother into letting him stay the night. [a] During his long career, he had on his record more than 3,000 arrests of dangerous fugitives, and shot and killed 14 of them in self-defense. Topping, James H. Mershon and Jacob T. Ayers. In May 1902, Reeves and Adams went to the town of Braggs, Cherokee Nation, to quell racial strife. One day, a posse cook caught a bullet from Reeves trusty Colt while the lawman was cleaning it. [11], His great-great-grandson is former National Football League and Canadian Football League player Willard Reaves, while his great-great-great-grandsons are National Hockey League player Ryan Reaves and CFL player Jordan Reaves. He took a job as a patrolman with the Muskogee Oklahoma Police Department. In January 2007, the U.S. Later, Reeves was made the principal lawman for the large African American community in Muskogee, and he had several Black assistants in that role. While working as a water boy and field hand with his family as a youngster, Bass would originate and sing songs about guns, rifles, knives, robberies and killings. After serving as a valiant marshals deputy, Reeves worked as a policeman in Muskogee for two years, 1907-1909. Saddle up, because this ones a bit of a doozyI'll explain Bass Reeves as best as I can. Unsurprisingly, Reeves took the task without complaint. Early in the war, the 11th Texas Cavalry Regiment fought at the Battle of Chustenahlah in the Indian Territory and the Battle of Pea Ridge, also known as the Battle of Elkhorn Tavern. And he got his man as often as any of the deputies. [9] He served there until 1893. The men with a $5,000 bounty on their heads woke up in handcuffs. Obituaries ran in the white and Black newspapers of Muskogee and were republished across the nation. In December 1878, Reeves served as a guard at Fort Smith for the executions of a Black man named James Diggs and an Indian named James Postoak, both for murder. Gibson, assault with intent to kill; Arthur Copiah, Abe Lincoln, Miss Adeline Grayson and Sally Copiah, alias Long Sally, introducing whiskey in Indian country; J.F. [1] It appears plausible that Reeves was kept in bondage by William Steele Reeves's son, Colonel George R. Reeves -- a Texan sheriff, legislator, and one-time Speaker of the Texas House of Representatives until his death from rabies in 1882. Meet 1883: The Bass Reeves Story, which will star David Oyelowo and Dennis Quaid. Born a slave in Arkansas, Reeves grew up in Grayson county, Texas, following the relocation of his owner, William S. Reeves. From 1920-1970, Kennedy explained, the name Bass Reeves, as well as those of Grant Foreman and Robert Fortune were forgotten outside the circle of family and local history. Typically, local posses accompanied Reeves on his expeditions and stakeouts. His expertise in local languages and culture made him perfectly suited to the job. [5] He recruited him as a deputy; Reeves was the first black deputy to serve west of the Mississippi River. Fagan had heard about Reeves, who knew the Territory and could speak several Native languages. The same news-paper reported Reeves in August 1883 bringing in 13 prisoners. It seems that Reeves talents were without end. When Bass was eight, the Reeves family moved to northern Texas to Peters Colony in Grayson County near Sherman, Texas. Clayton, formerly the U.S. Attorney in Judge Parkers court, and William M. Cravens. Barton quotes many sources in his book, and many times Reeves is credited with bringing in about a dozen prisoners or more at a time from the Indian Territory to the District Courthouse in Fort Smith. Specifically fort smith where judge parkers court house is located. I tried to get my ex-wife served with divorce papers. Despite his instantly-recognizable look, rumor has it that the lawman had a few other tricks up his sleeve. In Black Gun, Silver Star, Burton recounts some stories from Adam Grayson, a former resident of Indian Territory, saying that Reeves tore up at least one warrant for a prisoner who outraced his sorrell steed. Until just a few years ago, it was more likely that only readers steeped in the lore of the west or Parkers court knew much about the deep-voiced man who sang softly before going into a gunfight. Reeves could not read or write, but he was a skilled detective, a master of disguise, and an expert tracker. No story of the conflict of government's officers with those outlaws, which ended only a few years ago with the rapid filling up of the territory with people, can be complete without mention of the Negro who died yesterday. Madame de Pompadour was the alluring chief mistress of King Louis XV, but few people know her dark historyor the chilling secret shared by her and Louis. In 1875,[7] Isaac Parker was appointed Federal Judge for the Indian Territory. He married a woman named Nellie Jennie, and they must have been really into each other. 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