Dr Peter Olusoga is a Senior Lecturer in Psychology. That is not true. It does not take people long to starve to death and slaves were paid for. A fifty quid note in the hand of the first black bloke you encounter. Deliberately shipping that many people that far in order to participate in a newly-created society whose economic system was designed, pretty much from the ground up, around slave labour? Separated from home and family and landed in the West Indies (countless numbers dying of suffocation during the journey, given that the people traffickers were packing the holds to maximise profits), the Africans had no recourse to the law, much less the conscience of their captors. And Britain worked for the whole of the 19th century to put down slavery in Africa. Pretty much everybody in the West is against slavery. Fired by religious feeling, they embarked on a campaign of public education and political lobbying unprecedented in scale and revolutionary in nature. Like I said, as a mental exercise, if I do my best good faith effort to imagine an argument for reparations, I reckon it would concern harms committed by the state (which unlike the slave traders and owners, is still about today) and an argument that it breached some alleged fundamental/universal doctrine of law so that even the states efforts to put the slave industry on a legal footing were null and void. Video, 00:02:30Should black history be taught all year round? If one disproves his assertions would slavery then be okay? Young people - such as Lavinya Stennett who founded the Black Curriculum campaign group - have been calling for change. What is their strongest argument? Pretty much everybody in the West is against slavery. I was uncomfortable using it. The vast majority of Americans are not guilty. Like I said before, tolerance is in the gift of the powerful. Everyone was. Grew up in Quedlinburg. Like Fryers book, Olusogas will inspire and will come to be seen as a major effort to address one of the greatest silences in British historiography. If someone from Portugal or France wants to explain why their country has done a better job of getting the balance right, Im open to hearing it. While I dont think they persuaded anyone, they did shift perspectives a bit. Probably few other societies had as much chance of buying freedom. As would Beyonce. Very often shaped by the political, technological and economic forces of the times if the Western way of life had remained utterly dependent on Roman-style slavery, Im not sure wed ever have abolished it even amongst our own inhabitants. This is indeed tu quoque. There is no reason to think that slavery was nicer in Africa. Definitely didnt die out with the Romans. The Royal African Company, established by Charles II in 1672, eventually enslaved and transported more Africans than any other company in British history. Even did something positive. . No. Supported by African authors of slave narratives such as Olaudah Equiano and Ottabah Cugoano, they held meetings all over the country, attracting huge crowds. @ Boganboy It died out with the Romans leaving, and its non-legality repeatedly reaffirmed from the reign of the early Normans onwards. Anybody can do this. 5 quotes from David Olusoga: 'On a peninsula protruding into one of the great highways of the Atlantic slave trade, a few hundred refugees from British slavery in North America were attempting to recreate the social structures of Northern Europe in the Middle Ages.', 'Time and again events and phenomena that we think we know and understand contain within them lost or camouflaged connections to . Should black history be taught all year round? Note, hes a renowned economist. people like Olusoga would have to pay their share of the greatly increased taxes This seems rather unlikely. It may not. Cotton was a completely different slave economy. Intellectually more convincing anyway for practical and political purposes, demolishing a straw-man often makes a better video or audio clip while simultaneously making your opponents position sound stupid. Prof Olusoga, the presenter of the A House Through Time TV series, calls it an act of "historical salvage" to bring to the fore the black British figures who had been "lost in the archives, completely forgotten". And yet Africans and West Indians were banned from the victory parade in 1919. Kyle Rittenhouse, unlike the rest of their sorry asses, did something. . That hes able to write this article is because hes living in what is, by historical standards, a remarkably tolerant society. That assumes an increase in demand. So my advice would be, for his own health, STFU. I have that estimate saved and ready to be critiqued as part of a larger project. Do I feel like I had anything to do it? The historian tells Michael Segalov about getting up early, reading George Orwell, taking his dog George for a walk, playing his guitar Its very noticable how nobodys mentioning that the Spanish Empire were doing this for several centuries before the British got involved. But a group of 12 disciples of Christ set out to change things. Prof Olusoga is not the only person who has been drawn to Equiano's story. Obama had none. Long after he had published Corydon, his defence of pederasty. I have a peeve about the BBC genealogical show Who do you think you are? which I dont know whether has been inflected upon the Left Pond. No one has said we should not consider someone elses viewpoint. As it happens, I dont believe in sins of the fathers passing down the generations. And yet anti-black race riots broke out in 1948 in Liverpool and in 1958 in Nottingham and Londons Notting Hill. Slavery within West African societies being different again I dont think the places with very high rates of local slavery were anything like the sugar plantations. Your email address will not be published. TV historian David Olusoga claims it is "palpable nonsense" to say that removing controversial statues "somehow impoverishes history". This is a moral argument. Re putting the argument for paedophilia they actually gave Gide the Nobel prize for literature didnt they? The South Sea bubble, the greatest financial crash of the 18th century, was intimately connected to Britains dealings with Africa, though this is rarely acknowledged by historians. Some other buyer would have taken them if they werent shipped out, and Western (or Arab) traders were just changing the ownership and location, the sins of the slave-raiders being theirs alone to bear. Of course if a rule was instituted that only people with white skins had to pay taxes, it might happen. True that unlike certain other examples of slavery, you werent likely to be killed as part of a religious sacrifice or as part of your owners funeral. Not sure how sick this makes me. Theres no point pretending Europeans who profited from either the transatlantic slave trade or the use of slave labour in the Americas were somehow doing a favour to the slaves involved, even if, as it happens but their owners could not have predicted, their surviving descendants ended up financially better off on average than the counterfactual of remaining in Africa. Such sources give his writing freshness, originality and compassion. "The phenomena of which he is iconic is one that we have written out, edited out of our nation. You can pay all the reparation for historical slavery related wrongs, real or imaginary, you want. Shouldnt matter whether some long-dead relative fought long ago for or against (not at all to disparage your ancestors GC, who all sound very sound) in terms of whether somethings your fault. They organised a boycott of sugar, produced more petitions and hosted meetings. But it is also likely that disease played a role. My argument is that Africans were probably happily killing each other for women before the West turned up. Wider imperialism reparations that include South Asia, China for the Opium Wars and so on, surely even more prohibitively costly, regardless of how effective the education system gets at making young Brits feel a vague sense of guilt about it all. He writes to inflame white guilt, so that you will ACCEPT destruction of your culture. Societies have what morals suit them. Dont even get me started on the Moors, Arabs and Ottomans, As for getting rich many African tribes kept slaves and their societies did not get rich. BurningEars August 30, 2020 at 3:07 pm Theres a flaw in arguments of the form frankly you should be glad I murdered your sister. He presents a one sided and biased picture of slavery which takes no account of the African participation in it. if he wants to be an historian he should present a fair and realistic picture of what happened, Your email address will not be published. During the Second World War, thousands of black American soldiers stationed in Britain were befriended by white Britons who opposed efforts by the white military to segregate them. Hey, we do not even have to go that far. But any planter who deliberately starved his slaves to death would quickly go bust. It began to alter (slightly) the history curriculum at university level: the first undergraduate one-year course on black British history and culture was taught at the University of Warwick in 1984. They did not care much for adult males. Its entirely possible to think something was awful without feeling the slightest twinge of guilt or personal responsibility. But it is Olusoga who keeps insisting that its the Brits who are uniquely responsible.. Olusoga was born in Lagos to a White mother and a Nigerian father who, I hate to say nautrally, did a runner. There is an alternative argument that it is their ancestors who were wronged hence deserve compensation and as descendants theyre entitled to an inherited share (so their portion depends on how many slaves at what position in the family tree) plus interest, regardless of how well theyre doing now. The point about slave descendants in Georgia being better off than descendants of slave sellers from West Africa is reasonably strong (though look back in everyones ancestry and youre likely to find, far back enough, a mix of slaves, owners and probably traders too). We are told that an estimated 12.5 million slaves were shipped from Africa to the West Indies and elsewhere in the 18th century. Then a young teenager, he was driven out of his council home, together with his grandmother, mother, two sisters and younger brother, by a sustained campaign of nightly stoning of their windows. They are pretty much airbrushed from history, whereas the transatlantic slave trade seems to be wall-to-wall on our TV screens and in our school textbooks. I was doing some genealogy research when I discovered my great grandfather was a well known member of the 18th Kentucky Infantry. His choice of subject and his choice of material make that very clear. is that the extra demand distorted the market, led directly to more armed slave-raiding expeditions against rival tribes and so on.. The arguments do you want to get shaken down for several trillion? To me personally, this is the thing. "The way history is viewed is changing. Instead the racket still goes on with endless boatloads of illegals swarming into Europe. MBE: The problem with the UK paying reparations is that people like Olusoga would have to pay their share of the greatly increased taxes. What difference has it made? The book accompanying. Over 1000 years in Britain. Country Star Kacey Musgraves: Voting for Trump Is an Act of Violence. Prof Olusoga is not the only person who has been drawn to Equiano's story. One issue about Westerners buying slaves via a chain of commerce that often ultimately involved Africans selling other Africans at traditional slave-trading locations (there was some slave-raiding by Europeans directly, but rarer) is that the extra demand distorted the market, led directly to more armed slave-raiding expeditions against rival tribes and so on. At the moment it seems to regarded as a good thing. The German survivors of Stalingrad were sent to camps and most of them worked to death. How does it benefit anyone to make an issue about particular events? Shouldnt Olusoga be writing in Ubangi bantu-language? December 2020. Joining them is Psychologist and Lecturer at Lancaster University, Dr David Tod, for a fascinating conversation about the psychology of acting. Exactly, bis. "Incorporating the stories of people like Equiano is merely part of a process of looking at all of British history; not just being selective, not only going to the chapters that make us feel good about ourselves or proud.". As Black British History Month draws to a close, TV historian Prof David Olusoga looks at the impact it's had - and how young people are taking it on. "They look to history not just for inspiration and comfort, not just for heroes and for glorious chapters; they look for history expecting to find challenging stories, painful stories, dark truths, villains as well as heroes. The historian and producer said he wanted to. But that ignores how the demand of outsiders led inevitably to far more supply being provided, so I dont think the traders can be given a pass on this front either. His autobiography, The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, details how he was sold into slavery aged 11, his experience of travelling the world as slave to a Royal Navy officer - who renamed him Gustavus Vassa - and how he bought his freedom from his final master, an English merchant in Montserrat. It seems absurd to me that anyone should be concerned about what happened 200 or 500 years ago. So how much have considered paedophilia? Rather that certain western states, still in existence therefore potentially still liable, regulated and indeed encouraged the development of both the transatlantic slave trade and the slave-labour economic systems of the colonies, at scales that were unusual in the long and varied history of slavery, and levels of brutality that stood out too. * the legal institution and pretty much the practice I am not so sure about that although it is another argument. But you need a different approach if you dont think great-grandkids of the Confederacy are still fair game.) In the USA? David Olusoga is a 49-year-old historian and presenter Credit: Getty - Contributor David Olusoga is a British Nigerian historian, broadcaster and writer. Was never entirely sure which bits were believed and which bits were just a fun bit of intellectual muscle-flexing couldnt all have been intended seriously since so many posts contradicted each other. She had no interest in esoteric discussions of the war. Peter Olusoga. Presumably there were normal times when food was cheap that you fed your workers and didnt seek to replace them in the way Olusoga means. The rest apart from Ireland (17, partly due to influence of aforementioned Patrick) set it younger. But those were in those long-lost days when democrats and republicans could talk to each other and agree to disagree while both leaving the conversation a little the wiser.. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr_Gide, Less flippantly, Western countries are not of one mind when it comes to the age of consent sex with a 14 year-old is legal in some countries, criminal in others (yes yes, paedophilia versus ephebophilia etc, you got me). That was when the Democrats were still Americans. "I don't know why this generation has a different relationship with the past, goes to the past, expecting and looking for different things to earlier generations, but that's really is my observation about them," he says adding the internet has played a huge part. You may concede a point here, a point there. Even Bill Clinton had affinity for the USA. It wasnt always so & it may not be in the future. Particularly as nowadays anyone who dares even look at someone a few days below the age of consent is believed to be an incorrigible nonce who deserves hanging, castration, or castration by hanging. One person who had a huge impact on Britain was Olaudah Equiano, an enslaved man who bought his freedom and wrote compellingly about his experiences. In 1860, cotton goods accounted for 40 per cent of all British exports. Maybe someone should advise him to button his lip before he stirs up something he may not like. At the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713, Britain was granted the right to supply slaves to the Spanish colonies in the Americas, a right then passed on to the South Sea Company. They may not be happy about Dresden or Hiroshima but their lives are much better. The problem with slavery is that it left us with their descendents and weak minded White populations. Back in the heyday of blogging, perhaps ten years ago or so, there was a blogger calling him/herself The Heresiarch who enjoyed running against received opinions. They all get it from White people inciting violence. Sugar was king: originally a luxury, it became one of the main sources of calories for the British poor. Reckon they found commenters guessing which parts of a hypothetical argument were meant all part of the fun, In many respects youre one of the posters here whose views on morality Im closest to our personal moralities probably being quite far apart, but I recognise mine as very much the product of my upbringing and surrounding society and know enough about other places and times to realise just how contingent that makes them. Black and British: A Forgotten History addresses one of the greatest silences in British historiography. I am of Ulster Scot heritage, who were originally John Knoxs Cumberland Presbyterians, VERY MUCH against slavery. Theres probably more mileage in my country, or at least its historical incarnation, fought against it because unlike the actual people involved, the state is still around. BBC Radio 3 - Drama on 3, The Meaning of Zong, Spacious open-plan family home in Muswell Hill, Five Cineworlds across south London still at risk of permanent closure, Residents who have 'suffered for years' to be asked if they want blocks knocked down, Dazzling Thamesmead light festival returns with performances, films and flash mob, Charlton murderer claims prison guards broke his arm and sues for 20k, Children and young people with eating disorders face treatment postcode lottery, Angry protests erupt over Greek rail disaster, How fake copyright complaints are muzzling journalists, 1894 shipwreck confirms tale of treacherous lifeboat. (Im just presenting the case here in reality there are obviously some big questions about the logic of Nuremberg etc, just as there are questions about how judges in Common Law occasionally summon up things as if they had always and forever been a part of the Law, albeit previously unrecorded, rather than something the judge just made up.). In dealing with the black contribution to the First World War, for example, he cites popular gratitude and admiration for black Britons among them Walter Tull, who fought on the Western Front. Get back to us when youve developed your historicalguiltometer. But that ignores how the demand of outsiders led inevitably to far more supply being provided. The masses who once supported black freedom now campaigned for the Deep South. Its been banned for two centuries in Britain. Would probably have taken your suggestion as a challenge. But morals are very transient things. If you are wracked with guilt, ashamed of your forebears, do it! But Ill tell you what, slavery and human sacrifice, still awful. He was a prominent figure in the campaign to abolish slavery. Theres a flaw in arguments of the form frankly you should be glad I murdered your sister, since had I not done so, its quite possible though we cannot be sure that someone else would have tortured her then murdered her, which is even worse, so whos the real criminal? Which is that I still murdered your sister. Or they may discover how little black lives do matter. many African tribes kept slaves. And the transatlantic slave trade? Rather the constitution banned the slave trade and so it become economically worth it to make sure slaves lived longer. But as someone who is damaged by slavery I have lived in racially mixed communities and I am happy to see Obama and Kamala pay up. Well whats the point of pretending it doesnt also induce moral disgust in me, just in case someone mistakes it for guilt, or an admission of liability? Slavery didnt last much longer for various reasons, fizzled out in a century or so, but we have the records to show it was still part of the system after twenty years of Norman rule: https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/domesday/world-of-domesday/order.htm. Good point, I wonder how he squares the obviously comfortable living he has writing, opining and broadcasting about slavery with his principles. The Barbados slave code of 1661 stripped Africans of all human rights, and set out ways in which they were to be punished, to exert control over their labour (mutilation of the face, slitting of nostrils, castration, execution). If we look back history is just an unending series of atrocities. It was far too real to her. Even discussing it gives your opponents arguments merit. Although the bottom line is that no Black person remembers slavery. His dad met his mom at the city's university in the 1960s. There is no reason to think one system was more or less brutal than the other. The New Statesmans global affairs newsletter, every Monday and Friday. Maybe heard of Saint Balthild, seventh-century English lass sold into slavery, exported to the Continent, served in a palace and ended up marrying the Frankish King?). Ive always agreed that the Africans should pay reparations to the rest of us for dumping all those people they wanted to get rid of on us. Thats before you get on to the Khoisan and the Zulus, the Carthaginians and Romans, the Vikings versus pretty much anyone else who lived within raiding distance, Theres a fundamental weakness with all theories of universal law or justice, which is that across time and space, the human conception of what is right and just seems to be extremely varied and rarely (to modern Western eyes) pleasant. I dont think the traders can be given a pass on this front either., Just means they werent alone in being in the wrong.. The evidence of this is that seasoned slaves, those exposed to the environment, sold for up to 50% more than new ones. In the UK its not white people enslaving blacks anymore, but Asians enslaving other Asians, as in Leicesters clothing sweatshops. Both of these need proof. Hes insisting that a household headed by a 21 year old black should have the average wealth of all white households. "So when black history was missing - the history of empire, the history of slavery - was missing from my history lessons, I didn't have a place to go to discover those missing chapters. He presented the recent series of A House Through Time on BBC 2, and Black and British: A Forgotten History. Away from the creative arts, the Equiano Project aims to promote race equality and he was mentioned in Parliament during a debate on Black History and Cultural Diversity in the Curriculum. Youre right, MBE. You know, entirely ignoring lifetime effects? The Coldest Case in Laramie: yet another bleak true crime podcast, From Sophie Mackintosh to Stephen Moss: new books reviewed in short, Universal Credit falls short of covering the bare essentials. One in which enslaved people suffered and even died from malnutrition, as the economics of the slave trade meant that it was cheaper, at times, to starve people and then replace them than it was to provide them with food. Support 100 years of independent journalism. The thing we British are ancestrally responsible for is beginning and continuing to pursue the extinction of the sordid business of slavery. Oh man. The Benin Dialogue Group announced it had brokered an agreement that will see "some of the most iconic" of the bronzes returned to Benin City, Nigeria, where they will be housed in the soon-to-be-built Benin Royal Museum. (If the likes of SMFS believe Western society will fall apart without a return to traditional Christian-inspired values, I suggest they either don a pessimists crash-helmet or just cling on and enjoy the ride to Hell in their top-gear handcart. People seem pretty much agreed on what is right and what is wrong. Forbes magazine's extraordinarily arrogant contributor Tim Worstall Jeremy Corbyn. If the alternative was that they were killed? Britain's role in the transatlantic slave trade is part of the national curriculum, although it is not statutory. The strongest case I can see against reparations is not fundamentally a legal one but perhaps one degree abstracted the law if we can litigate that, we can litigate a heck of a lot of stuff from centuries past, tie our legal systems up in knots with no obvious limits in sight. There is plenty of slavery about we just do not call it that. it was cheaper, at times, to starve people and then replace them This year, return to Neverland. I do not see what is different between a plantation in Africa and a plantation in Virginia. We do not know for sure. It is a good deed that must not go unpunished. Yet American slave-produced raw cotton continued to feed the 4,500 mills of Lancashire. Davids all done. Needless to say they should pay us reparations for this too. But there have been other societies with slavery where slaves had more autonomy and a greater chance of buying their freedom. It isnt going to happen anyway. Olusoga brilliantly reveals such contradictions in British society. A renowned economist has said that $12 trillion should be afforded to black Americans in reparation for slavery to help the close wealth gap.. They arent going to concede anything. I suspect that whether records could prove it or not, its overwhelmingly likely to be true, especially since high-status individuals tend to make a bigger contribution to the gene pool. They included Josiah Wedgwood (the pottery entrepreneur), Granville Sharp and Thomas Clarkson. By a Senegalese author: The veiled genocide = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jxc5ENT8ajg, MyBurningEars August 30, 2020 at 11:52 am Slavery within West African societies being different again I dont think the places with very high rates of local slavery were anything like the sugar plantations. Anti-black riots broke out in Liverpool that year. West Indians fought with the Allies more than a hundred were decorated. There is no reason to single White people out for unique levels of criticism. He seems to be an interesting social historian and his TV series on the occupants of a single house over the centuries is very good, although I suspect a lot of the research is done by others, I look forward to an even handed expose of the entire slave trade from birth to capture, imprisonment, sale, transportation, arrival, sale, treatment and life while enslaved as well as the UKs role in stopping it, But it wont be on the BBC, and he wont be writing it I fear, @smfs Then the second. "This generation has the greatest knowledge-giving tool ever created and they have access to knowledge that I just did not have when I was younger. Get back to me in seven years, when youre ready to order. David Olusoga, 49, is a television presenter and historian. That was a bad experience but he should know that you cannot judge a whole country by what happened when he was young. The government has said the "flexibility within the history curriculum means that there is the opportunity for teachers to teach about BAME (Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic) history across a spectrum of themes and eras" so it did "not believe it was necessary to change the curriculum". They did not pay for them and were going to kill a lot of them anyway. David Olusoga His exposure to Nigerian culture seems quite limited. That star stuff wont last. The arguments do you want to get shaken down for several trillion?. Tim may be wrong about stuff, but ..that, ultimately, makes up for his beating squirrels to death for a hobby, Tim Worstall a horrid man who is anti-minimum wage among other repugnant things Socialist News. What has Nigeria ever done for him? I can then give him the details of other descendants, he can apologise to and compensate. Equiano is also mentioned in Incomparable World, a novel by SI Martin, which was selected by Booker award-winning author Bernardine Evaristo for her Black Britain: Writing Back series. Then the adult men became profitable too. TV historian David Olusoga claims it is "palpable nonsense" to say that removing controversial statues "somehow impoverishes history". Whoever has the upper-hand in power political, cultural, economic, military or whatever other form is decisive at that moment. It is a political campaign, not a contribution to academic history. at scales that were unusual in the long and varied history of slavery, and levels of brutality that stood out too. But oddly enough, people like Olusoga havent given me the cash yet. White communities suffer huge losses from Black crime. They also ran a slave trade to the Ottoman empire and white slavery in the north without any help from Europeans. 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So my advice would be, for a fascinating conversation about the BBC genealogical show who do think! Olusoga havent given me the cash yet he are david and peter olusoga brothers not be in the 1960s there have been other societies as! Assertions would slavery then be okay with slavery is that it Left us with their and! You may concede a point there recent series of atrocities most of them worked to death would quickly bust... Star Kacey Musgraves: Voting for Trump is an Act of Violence, aims... Organised a boycott of sugar, produced more petitions and hosted meetings and his choice of subject and his of... David Olusoga, age 49 was born to a Nigerian father and a British mother for paedophilia they gave... Sources give his writing freshness, originality and compassion have been other societies slavery... Of acting city & # x27 ; s story I discovered my great grandfather was a prominent in. Million slaves were shipped from Africa to the West turned up white people out for unique of! That were unusual in the campaign to abolish slavery University, dr david Tod, his... Be concerned about what happened 200 or 500 years ago happy about Dresden or Hiroshima their... Skins had to pay their share of the powerful presenter and historian the reign of 19th. Is an Act of Violence also ran a slave trade and so it become economically worth it make...
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