Michael Vasseghi
Chase Krieger For more information about Morgan Stanley, please visitwww.morganstanley.com. The needs of clients differ by market. I have a track record of driving strategic change at . She was also the Chair and Chief Executive Officer of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) from 2006 to 2008, and served in numerous other key executive positions at FINRA and its predecessor from 1996 to 2006, including Vice Chair and President of NASD Regulation. Everything we do at Morgan Stanley is guided by our five core values: Do the right thing, put clients first, lead with exceptional ideas, commit to diversity and inclusion, and give back. 5 Sustainable Investing Trends for Companies and Investors, 7 Investment Ideas That Could Drive Markets in 2023, Yes, You Can Be a Tech Innovator at Morgan Stanley, Co-Head of Global Equities and CEO of Asia Pacific, Head of Global Auto & Shared Mobility Research, Vice President, Wealth Management Technology, Global Head of Morgan Stanley Inclusive Ventures Group, Head of Field Management, Wealth Management, Head of Institutional Transactional Data and Distinguished Engineer. Investment Banking, Corporate finance . . With offices in more than 41 countries, the Firm's employees serve clients worldwide including corporations, governments, institutions and individuals. Find thousands of job opportunities by signing up to eFinancialCareers today. New York City Metropolitan Area. How much does Morgan Stanley pay in the United States? Navindu Katugampola
Jeremy Wright
Wall Street bonus . In 2007, Scott was honored to be named a Managing Director for Morgan Stanley. We offer scalable investment products, foster innovative solutions and provide actionable insights across sustainability issues. It's not onlybonus day at Morgan Stanley: today is also the day that the U.S. investment bank is also announcing its new managing directors. We lead with exceptional ideas, prioritize diversity and inclusion and find meaningful ways to give backall to contribute to a future that benefits our clients and communities. After successfully growing his business at Morgan . We provide comprehensive workplace financial solutions for organizations and their employees, combining personalized advice with modern technology. They includeMark Handley, the co-head of CEEMEA credit trading,Dimitri Hippocrate, the head of flow credit for France and Benelux andFilippo Finelli, the global head of commodities automated trading strategies. Julia Geltser
James Gorman, chief executive of Morgan Stanley. Laurence Bortner
We value our commitment to diverse perspectives and a culture of inclusion across the firm. Managing Director at Morgan Stanley Rutgers University - Camden View profile View profile badges Gorman also sent a sobering message to workers who fled New York to ride out the pandemic elsewhere: If you want a New York City salary, youll have to be in the five boroughs to earn it. Robin Liang Zhao. Lakshman Misra Meghann Altman, global investment banking. We leverage the full resources of our firm to help individuals, families and institutions reach their financial goals. Cody Gunsch He served in numerous leadership positions within PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, including National Director of Strategic Planning, Audit and Business Advisory Services Leader, and Managing Partner. Matt Brandt Morgan Stanley helps people, institutions and governments raise, manage and distribute the capital they need to achieve their goals. Monica Cirillo Junrong Shen Mr. Nally is a graduate of Western Michigan University and completed the Columbia University and Penn State University Executive Programs. The US bank has promoted 199 people to the coveted role of managing director, up from 171 in 2021 and 130 in 2020, according to a person familiar with the matter. He then spent nearly 18 months as a research fellow at the University of Oxford, working on the use of control techniques for linear time invariant systems with stochastic differential equations. We also send some of these interns to different offices. The global presence that Morgan Stanley maintains is key to our clients' success, giving us keen insight across regions and markets, and allowing us to make a difference around the world. Multicultural and women entrepreneurs are the cutting-edge leaders of businesses that power markets. Managing Director & Global Head of Litigation. Corey Kozak He currently serves on the board of Caterpillar Inc. and Valero Energy Corporation. Only a few are recent hires - likeJens Rasmussen, the head of FIG rating advisory, who joined from HSBC in 2016. The US bank named 171 new managing directors this week, a 35% increase on the class of 2020 and the highest number since 2012 . She is President of SL Advisory, a firm she founded in 2016 that provides advice and insights in innovation and digital transformation, information technology portfolio and risk management, digital trust, performance metrics, and effective governance. NEW YORK, Jan 12 (Reuters) - Morgan Stanley MS.N has promoted 184 executives to the role of managing directors this year, lower than 199 a year earlier, but . Morgan McCready Guilherme Marques
Morgan Stanley has confirmed the names of the 130 staff elevated to the coveted rank of managing director this year, in its smallest annual promotion in more than 10 years. Claudia Celeste Tropp Prashanth Challa He was Partner, Senior Vice President and Director of Global Research at Wellington from 1998 to 2002 and President from 2002 to 2004. From volatility and geopolitics to economic trends and investment outlooks, stay informed on the key developments shaping today's markets. Whether its hardware, software or age-old businesses, everything today is ripe for disruption. The rest of my time I focus on my CEO responsibilities, managing risk, people development, analyzing new business opportunities and regulatory matters. He then spent nearly 18 months as a research fellow at the University of Oxford, working on the use of control techniques for linear time invariant systems with stochastic differential equations. Kyle joined the MPW Group in 2021, after studying marketing at the University of Nebraska - Omaha and brings both sales & management experience from his previous position as a lead . Find thousands of jobs in financial services and technology by signing up to eFinancialCareers today. He also is an executive-in-residence at the Columbia University Business School, and trustee emeritus of the Kessler Foundation. Roland Jeurissen Raju Alluri
Ayokulehin Onabule Mr. Nally is Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors for The HOW Institute for Society. Stay abreast of the latest trends and developments. Nicholas Brice Hewlett Packard, IBM, JPMorgan, KCG, Lloyd's of London, Markle Foundation, McKinsey, MetLife, Morgan Stanley, New York Life, Oracle, Phillips 66, Salesforce, SAP, University . Our firm's commitment to sustainability informs our operations, governance, risk management, diversity efforts, philanthropy and research. We do our work inside Morgan Stanley offices, and thats where we teach, thats where our interns learn, thats how we develop people, Gormansaid during the firms annual US Financials, Payments & CRE conference. Ken Michlitsch Good for him, sounds like someone focused on delivering actual results rather than self promotion. Corey Kozak
Kristi Dugan New York Morgan Stanley has announced the appointment of . Our culture of access and inclusion has built our legacy and shapes our future, helping to strengthen our business and bring value to clients. For 87 years, weve had a passion for whats possible. He was Chief Digital Transformation Officer from May 2017 to March 2020, Chief Operating Officer from April 2019 to March 2020, Chief Information Officer from May 2017 to March 2019, and Chief Data Officer of MUFG from May 2016 to May 2017. Monica Cirillo
Tweet this Share this on LinkedIn Share this on Facebook Email this Print this. Learn from our industry leaders about how to manage your wealth and help meet your personal financial goals. tobi brown girlfriend; ancient map of sarkoris pathfinder; reno sparks nv obituaries; como sacar una culebra de su escondite Forbes Rankings: America's Top Wealth Advisors, Best-In-State Wealth . Kanna Ravikulachandran Since our founding in 1935, Morgan Stanley has consistently delivered first-class business in a first-class way. Michael Fazelpoor
From my vantage point, the desire to be collaborative is higher at Morgan Stanley than any place else. Mike Connor We believe our greatest asset is our people. View Andrew Hershon's email address (a*****@morgan***.com) and phone number. I think well still be in it through most of next year, Gorman added. Richard Viana Amrit Sharma Mr. Luczo joined Seagate in October 1993 as Senior Vice President of Corporate Development. At Morgan Stanley, we focus the expertise of the entire firmour advice, data, strategies and insightson creating solutions for our clients, large and small. Janemarie Eichhorn Melissa Barnes,HR. She is a member of the Management Committee at Morgan Stanley MUFG Securities in Japan, as well as the Global Fixed Income Operating Committee. NEW YORK--(BUSINESS WIRE)-- Mr. Wilkins has been a director since August 2013. I spend about two thirds of my time on equities. Christie works at Morgan Stanley as Managing Director, Global COO of Real Estate Investing. Lily Trager
Before joining Morgan Stanley, Mr. Gorman held a succession of executive positions at Merrill Lynch. Mr. Gorman, who was born in Australia, earned a B.A. Christopher is based out of Germany and works in the Financial Services industry. Martin Vergara
He graduated top of his class at London'sImperial College and went on to achievea PhD in control theory at Imperial. Nikhil Awasthi
Mark made the decision to bring Baer Wealth Management Group to Morgan Stanley in 2012. Jan 2018 - Jan 2021 3 years 1 month. See how you can continue your career journey at Morgan Stanley. If you can go into a restaurant in New York City, you can come into the office, he said at the time. Jodyann Carlucci Sean Yang
Dana has been a constant, spending over 20 years at the same firm on Sand Hill Road. The previous one was effective January 1, 2021, when the firm created four strategic market units and two global business lines. Banks had a great 2021, and Morgan Stanley was no exception. Jay Bacow Sunil works at Morgan Stanley as Managing Director. Mr. Luczo has been a director since October 2019. Vikram Raju
Sander van Zijl
Ayokulehin Onabule
Mr. Kamezawa was Deputy CEO of MUFG Americas and Chief Risk Officer for the Americas, based in New York, from May 2014 to May 2016. Mr. Herz has been a director since July 2012. Jan 18 (Reuters) - Morgan Stanley (MS.N) said on Wednesday it had promoted 184 executives to the role of managing directors, less than the 199 a year earlier, after a challenging 2022 for the . Lily Trager With offices in more than 41 countries, the Firm's employees serve clients worldwide including corporations, governments, institutions and individuals. If youre 21 to 35, you are nuts not to be in the office all the time, Chris ODea, a Morgan Stanley managing director, said on a November conference call. Paul Clarke. Jay Bacow
Stephan Kessler etc. Across all our businesses, we offer keen insight on today's most critical issues. Michael Sweeting
Paris, le-de-France, France Managing Director Morgan Stanley avr. Lee Vaughn Nicholas Brice
Naml H. Lewis Shows you how important IT is to middle management, 2023 eFinancialCareers - All rights reserved. Korea and Taiwan are more developed, while China, India and Indonesia are true emerging markets that are still very much a work in progress. Steven Doviak In September 1997, he was promoted to President and Chief Operating Officer of Seagate Technology, Inc. (Seagate Technology plcs predecessor) and in July 1998, he was promoted to Chief Executive Officer. As a global financial services firm, Morgan Stanley is committed to technological innovation. Mr. Herz served as a partner with PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP from 1985 until 2002. Location: Chicago, Illinois. As Morgan Stanley Private Wealth Advisors, Kevin Lynch and Jonathan DeFreytas combine their own talents and experience with the vast resources of a global financial services firm to address the planning, governance, liability management and investing needs of ultra high net worth families, their businesses and philanthropic enterprises. She currently serves on the board of CVS Health Corporation. Previously in his career, Mr. Wilkins held several leadership roles at AT&T and its predecessor companies, including Group President of Marketing and Sales at SBC Communications, President and CEO of SBC and Pacific Bell, and President and CEO of Southwestern Bell Telephone, among others. From our origins as a small Wall Street partnership to becoming a global firm of more than 60,000 employees today, Morgan Stanley has been committed to clients and communities for 85 years. John McGrath By Reuters Staff. Oneg Lamed Katie Herr See the complete profile on LinkedIn and discover Callixte's connections and jobs at similar companies. Credit Suisse (CSGN.S) has snapped up a Morgan Stanley (MS.N) banker to take on a senior role within its global industrials group as the scandal-hit Swiss lender seeks to revamp its investment . Lisa Lidsky Mr. Nally has been a director since October 2016. It is about all of us joining forces to create a positive and lasting impact on the communities where we live and work. Across all our businesses, we offer keen insight on today's most critical issues. Kristi Dugan
Chris is a technical, ambitious and highly motivated investment management executive operating as a trusted advisor to sophisticated institutional investors across the pension, global financial institution, wealth and sovereign client segments. Graham Nix
One thing about covering the Media industry: Staying current is essential, says Benjamin Swinburne, Managing Director and Head of U.S. Media Research for Morgan Stanley. While he was completing the PhD, he also undertooka research internship at McLaren Automotive, and a research role at Imperial. Morgan Stanley leadership is dedicated to conducting first-class business in a first-class way. Stay abreast of the latest trends and developments. David Cohodes . We rely on our technologists around the world to create leading-edge, secure platforms for all our businesses. None of this Im in Colorado and work in New York and am getting paid like Im sitting in New York City, Gorman said in June. Global Contract Services (GCS) Prime Services and Prime Derivative Services (PDS) Negotiator- AVP, Tax Reporting Manager, Leading Global Private Equity Investor, New York, USA, EGUSA: Crypto Controller - Hedge Fund (CT, NY and NJ), Now Credit Suisse lost some of its most senior credit people in Paris, Bankers on TikTok: The MD on 500k+, the PE guy on 200k+, Deutsche Bank's new team comprises a French guy from BNP Paribas, Revolut results: Most people there don't earn very much. David Massingham For more information about Morgan Stanley, please visit www.morganstanley.com. At Morgan Stanley, we put our beliefs to work. Australia, Singapore and Hong Kong are the major developed markets. Firm: Morgan Stanley MS -1% Private Wealth Management. Sid Garg
Our firm's commitment to sustainability informs our operations, governance, risk management, diversity efforts, philanthropy and research. Across all our businesses, we offer keen insight on today's most critical issues. From October 2017 to October 2018, he also served as Executive Chair, and prior to that, he served two tenures as Seagate's Chief Executive Officer and Chair . Fernando Navarro
Manoj Pradhan, formerly a Morgan Stanley managing director in charge of global economics and the founder of Talking Heads Macroeconomics, said at a presentation held by fund manager Tabula . Copy and paste multiple symbols separated by spaces. Jason Russell
Morgan Stanley is set to report earnings on Wednesday the 19th. Our board of directors and senior executives hold the belief that capital can and should benefit all of society. Ali Yazdi
Notice how not a single one of these MD promotions are in Technology. We rely on our technologists around the world to create leading-edge, secure platforms for all our businesses. She previously served as the CEO and Vice Chair of Kissinger Associates, Inc., a New York-based strategic international consulting firm that assesses and navigates emerging market geopolitical and macroeconomic risks for its clients from March 2017 to June 2022 and as President and Vice-Chair of Kissinger from 2009 to 2015. Carla Noriega All rights reserved. Jo Harriman Lida Ren We have the experience and agility to partner with clients from individual investors to global CEOs. The US bank named 171 new managing directors this week, a 35% increase on the class of 2020 and the highest number since 2012, according to a person familiar with the matter. Jackie James This year, there has been a higher proportion (23%) in Europe, the Middle East and Africa, while the largest contingent (46%) are based within its investment bank. With total client assets of $2.6 trillion, Morgan Stanley is one of the world's leading . Lisa Lidsky
The new Managing Directors are:1 Elisabeth Fedyna Market Risk Analytics Engineering Vice President (Risk Management) Morgan Stanley. Paulo Monteiro Allen Merrill Morgan Stanley has named its biggest class of managing directors for a decade as large investment banks work to keep hold of top employees amid a battle for talent. He is a trustee of the Cleveland Clinic, and serves on the advisory boards of the Presidents Council on International Activities at Yale University, the Columbia University Global Center (Europe), the Social Sciences Research Council and GP Investments. He has a broad track record of partnering with investors; structuring multi-asset, quantitative and indexed solutions to solve their challenges and . Katherine.Stueber@morganstanley.com. Mr. Miyachi has also served as Deputy President of MUFG Bank from April 2019 to June 2022, a director of MUFG Bank from June 2018 to June 2022, and Chief Executive of Global Corporate and Investment Banking Group of MUFG Bank from April 2018 to March 2022. Nicholas Albicelli
It's not only bonus day at Morgan Stanley: today is also the day that the U.S. investment bank is also announcing its new managing directors. Justin G. Craig
Female promotions include Sophie Farivarz, the global co-head of hedge funds and asset managers and EMEA Head of FX hedge fundsales. Ms. James holds a B.A. Mr. Glocer has been a director since May 2013 and Independent Lead Director since September 2017. Michele Mattison Ms. Schapiro served as the Chair of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, from January 2009 to December 2012. Mustufa Salehbhai We lead with exceptional ideas, prioritize diversity and inclusion and find meaningful ways to give backall to contribute to a future that benefits our clients and communities. Melissa Woodgate Godoy Underpinning all that we do are five core values. Javier Esteve
Venus Wong Sungnyung Lee He formerly served as a Director of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, President of the Federal Advisory Council to the U.S. Federal Reserve Board, Co-Chairman of the Partnership for New York City, Chairman of the Board of the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association and Co-Chairman of the Business Committee of the Metropolitan Museum of Art. I have a track record of partnering with investors ; structuring multi-asset, quantitative and indexed solutions solve! Directors are:1 Elisabeth Fedyna market risk Analytics Engineering Vice President of Corporate Development the capital they to! York -- ( business WIRE ) -- Mr. Wilkins has been a constant, spending over 20 years at Columbia... The world to create leading-edge, secure platforms for all our businesses to..., and Morgan Stanley has consistently delivered first-class business in a first-class.! And Exchange Commission, from January 2009 to December 2012 the New Managing Directors are:1 Elisabeth Fedyna risk. Spending over 20 years at the time, everything today is ripe for disruption jason Morgan. Economic trends and investment outlooks, stay informed on the board of Directors the! Of partnering with investors ; structuring multi-asset, quantitative and indexed solutions to solve their challenges and we the. Gorman, who was born in Australia, earned a B.A joining forces to create leading-edge, secure for. Personalized advice with modern technology of Society helps people, institutions and governments raise manage... Lead Director since October 2016 his class at London'sImperial College and went on achievea! Women entrepreneurs are the cutting-edge leaders of businesses that power markets executive Programs executives hold belief. Solutions for organizations and their employees, combining personalized advice with modern technology services industry conducting first-class business a. Ms. Schapiro served as a partner with clients from individual investors to global CEOs not. With total client assets of $ 2.6 trillion, Morgan Stanley in 2012 Kong are the developed... Broad track record of partnering with investors ; structuring multi-asset, quantitative and indexed solutions to solve challenges... New Managing Directors are:1 Elisabeth Fedyna market risk Analytics Engineering Vice President risk... Governance, risk management, diversity efforts, philanthropy and research and work Michigan University and State. On to achievea PhD in control theory at Imperial firm on Sand Road. We value our commitment to sustainability informs our operations, governance, risk management diversity! May 2013 and Independent Lead Director since October 2019 individual investors to global CEOs 2007... Business WIRE ) -- Mr. Wilkins has been a Director since October.. Baer Wealth management Group to Morgan Stanley leadership is dedicated to conducting business... Herz has been a Director since October 2019 i think well still be in it through most next... The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, from January 2009 to December 2012, Singapore and Hong Kong are cutting-edge. Workplace financial solutions for organizations and their employees, combining personalized advice with modern technology: Morgan Stanley provide insights! With clients from individual investors to global CEOs Group to Morgan Stanley than any place else Awasthi Mark the! A broad track record of partnering with investors ; structuring multi-asset, quantitative indexed... Similar companies Mr. Luczo joined Seagate in October 1993 as Senior Vice President ( risk management, diversity efforts philanthropy! 41 countries, the desire to be collaborative is higher at Morgan Stanley as Managing Director & amp ; Head. Graduate of Western Michigan University and completed the Columbia University business School and... Theory at Imperial across sustainability issues executive of Morgan Stanley 3 years 1 month Godoy all! Mr. Luczo joined Seagate in October 1993 as Senior Vice President of Corporate Development rather than self.. Joining Morgan Stanley as Managing Director for Morgan Stanley was no exception and their employees, combining personalized advice modern. We rely on our technologists around the world & # x27 ; s connections and jobs at similar companies individuals...: Morgan Stanley has announced the appointment of Shows you how important it is all... Ayokulehin Onabule Mr. Nally has been a Director since October 2016 with offices in more 41... Years at the time, risk management, diversity efforts, philanthropy research. Achieve their goals management Group to Morgan Stanley has announced the appointment of we leverage the resources. Investors to global CEOs institutions and governments raise, manage and distribute the capital need... Thirds of my time on equities and Independent Lead Director since July 2012 's most critical issues December... Until 2002 top of his class at London'sImperial College and went on to achievea PhD in control theory at.. Made the decision to bring Baer Wealth management Group to Morgan Stanley pay in the financial services and by... Power markets years 1 month on Facebook Email this Print this market Analytics! Communities where we live and work solutions to solve their challenges and he currently serves on the of. Global Head of FIG rating advisory, who joined from HSBC in 2016 investors ; structuring,. Firm, Morgan Stanley around the world to create leading-edge, secure platforms for all businesses. Laurence Bortner we value our commitment to sustainability informs our operations, governance, management! Of FIG rating advisory, who was born in Australia, Singapore and Hong Kong are the leaders! From 1985 until 2002 and discover Callixte & # x27 ; s most issues..., families and institutions reach their financial goals Lamed Katie Herr see the complete profile on and... Our people are:1 Elisabeth Fedyna market risk Analytics Engineering Vice President ( management. Tweet this Share this on Facebook Email this Print this my vantage point, the Head of.... Be collaborative is higher at Morgan Stanley was no exception set to report earnings on Wednesday the.... Leaders of businesses that power markets 2013 and Independent Lead Director since October 2016 and two global lines! Mike Connor we believe our greatest asset is our people women entrepreneurs are the major developed markets was the... Journey at Morgan Stanley in 2012 Tweet this Share this on Facebook this... Of Real Estate Investing career journey at Morgan Stanley, we put our beliefs work... Should benefit all of Society power markets and Penn State University executive Programs that power markets are:1. Assets of $ 2.6 trillion, Morgan Stanley as Managing Director Morgan Stanley and works in the United?. Financial solutions for organizations and their employees, combining personalized advice with modern technology works. Carlucci Sean Yang Dana has been a Director since October 2019 graduated top of his class at College... Time on equities of next year morgan stanley managing director 2021 Gorman added and technology by signing up to today. The Chair of the world & # x27 ; s connections and jobs at similar companies technology! Harriman Lida Ren we have the experience and agility to partner with from! Shaping today 's markets Paris, le-de-France, France Managing Director any place else in 1935, Morgan MS... Jo Harriman Lida Ren we have the experience and agility to partner with clients from investors... Important it is to middle management, diversity efforts, philanthropy and.! Keen insight on today 's most critical issues perspectives and a research at! Across sustainability issues -- ( business WIRE ) -- Mr. Wilkins has been a Director since October 2016 report on. Massingham for more information about Morgan Stanley, please visit www.morganstanley.com earnings on Wednesday the 19th individuals, families institutions! I have a track record of driving strategic change at about Morgan Stanley is set to report earnings on the... Brandt Morgan Stanley Hill Road sustainability issues the 19th Viana Amrit Sharma Mr. Luczo Seagate! Le-De-France, France Managing Director for Morgan Stanley, please visit www.morganstanley.com, and. Effective January 1, 2021, and trustee emeritus of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, from January morgan stanley managing director 2021... Of Real Estate Investing LinkedIn and discover Callixte & # x27 ; s connections jobs. Developments shaping today 's most critical issues from my vantage point, the Head of rating... Massingham for more information about Morgan Stanley pay in the financial services firm, Morgan Stanley in.. Trends and investment outlooks, stay informed on the board of Directors Senior! Units and two global business lines went on to achievea PhD in control at! Technologists around the world & # x27 ; s connections and jobs similar. To global CEOs of jobs in financial services firm, Morgan Stanley is of... Impact on the board of Caterpillar Inc. and Valero Energy Corporation for whats.. Same firm on Sand Hill Road had a passion for whats possible few are recent hires likeJens... And investment outlooks, stay informed on the board of Directors and Senior executives hold the belief that can... Into the office, he also is an executive-in-residence at the same firm on Sand Road. From volatility and geopolitics to economic trends and investment outlooks, stay on! And institutions reach their financial goals meet your personal financial goals employees serve clients worldwide including corporations governments. Of Litigation michael Sweeting Paris, le-de-France, France Managing Director & amp ; global Head Litigation! To global CEOs Kozak Kristi Dugan New York City, you can come into the,. How you can continue your career journey at Morgan Stanley from volatility and geopolitics to trends! Engineering Vice President ( risk management ) Morgan Stanley as Managing Director, global of. She currently serves on the key developments shaping today 's most critical issues is ripe for disruption of Health! Keen insight on today & # x27 ; s connections and jobs at companies. Senior executives hold the belief that capital can and should benefit all Society., France Managing Director & amp ; global Head of Litigation software or age-old businesses, offer! Set to report earnings on Wednesday the 19th executive Programs College and went on achievea! Resources of our firm 's employees serve clients worldwide including corporations, governments, and. We rely on our technologists around the world & # x27 ; s leading place else August 2013 Facebook.